KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA AIR HUJAN SAAT KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI PROPINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT DAN SUMATERA SELATAN
Item
Title (Dublin Core)
KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA AIR HUJAN SAAT KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI PROPINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT DAN SUMATERA SELATAN
Description (Dublin Core)
Permasalahan kebakaran hutan di berbagai propinsi di Indonesia terutama di Kalimantan Barat dan Sumatera Selatan mulai marak seiring dengan meningkatnya laju penebangan hutan serta tingginya tekanan penduduk akan pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup melalui sumber daya kawasan hutan. Kebakaran hutan berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan berupa penurunan kualitas udara. Untuk mengetahui dampak kebakaran hutan terhadap karakterisitik kimia air hujan dan kondisi partikulat di Pontianak dan Palembang dilakukan analisa parameter anion, kation, dan pH air hujan serta Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) selama periode 2002 hingga 2008. Data kimia air hujan dan SPM diperoleh dari pengamatan Stasiun Meteorologi Supadio Pontianak dan Stasiun Klimatologi Kenten, Palembang, sedangkan analisanya dilakukan di BMKG Pusat menggunakan Kromatografi Ion. Untuk mengetahui jumlah kebakaran hutan digunakan parameter titik api dari Satelit Terra dan Aqua MODIS yang dikumpulkan dan dikelola oleh Stasiun Bumi Satelit NOAA, Kementerian Kehutanan. Dari hasil kajian diketahui bahwa kenaikan jumlah titik api baik di daerah Kalimantan Barat dan Sumatera Selatan diiringi oleh kenaikan konsentrasi deposisi asam dan SPM beberapa saat kemudian. Baik di Pontianak dan Palembang telah terjadi hujan asam dengan presentasi kejadian berturut-turut adalah 61,1 % dan 71,8 %. Komposisi kimia penyusun air hujan di Pontianak dan Palembang baik pada saat titik api tinggi ataupun rendah didominasi oleh unsur Cl-, NH4+, Ca2+, dan Na+. Tingginya konsentrasi NH4+, Ca2+, dan Na+ selama kurun waktu 2002 hingga 2008 berperan sebagai faktor penetral keasaman air hujan sehingga kecenderungan pH mengalami kenaikan. Baik di Pontianak dan Palembang, kenaikan titik api diiringi dengan kenaikan konsentrasi SPM dengan koefisien korelasi masing-masing 0,836 dan 0,678.
Forest fire which occurs in many provinces in Indonesia especially in West Kalimantan and South Sumatera increases along with the high and rapid deforestation and people demand. Forest fire affects directly to environment such as decreasing of air quality condition. To study the impact of forest fire on chemical characteristic of rainwater and Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) from 2002 to 2008, analyses has been conducted. Rainwater and SPM samples in Pontianak and Palembang were obtained respectively from Supadio Meteorological Station and Kenten Climatological Station; while the analyses were conducted at BMKG using Ion Chromatography. Hotspot parameter was derived from Terra satellite and Aqua MODIS which were collected by NOAA Earth Satellite Station, , Ministry of Forestry. The study showed that the increase of hotspot number was followed with the increase of acid deposition and SPM concentrations in a few moments later both in West Kalimantan and South Sumatera. Acid rain also occured in that region with percentages of 61.1 % and 71.8 %, respectively. Chemical composition of rainwater in West Kalimantan and South Sumatera during highest and lowest hotspot is dominated with Cl-, NH4+, Ca2+, and Na+. High concentration of NH4+, Ca2+, and Na+ played important role in neutralizing the acidity of rainwater so that the pH tends to increase during period of 2002 to 2008, both in Pontianak and Palembang. The coefficient correlations of the increase of hotspot number followed by the increase of SPM concentration are 0,836 and 0,678, respectively.
Forest fire which occurs in many provinces in Indonesia especially in West Kalimantan and South Sumatera increases along with the high and rapid deforestation and people demand. Forest fire affects directly to environment such as decreasing of air quality condition. To study the impact of forest fire on chemical characteristic of rainwater and Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) from 2002 to 2008, analyses has been conducted. Rainwater and SPM samples in Pontianak and Palembang were obtained respectively from Supadio Meteorological Station and Kenten Climatological Station; while the analyses were conducted at BMKG using Ion Chromatography. Hotspot parameter was derived from Terra satellite and Aqua MODIS which were collected by NOAA Earth Satellite Station, , Ministry of Forestry. The study showed that the increase of hotspot number was followed with the increase of acid deposition and SPM concentrations in a few moments later both in West Kalimantan and South Sumatera. Acid rain also occured in that region with percentages of 61.1 % and 71.8 %, respectively. Chemical composition of rainwater in West Kalimantan and South Sumatera during highest and lowest hotspot is dominated with Cl-, NH4+, Ca2+, and Na+. High concentration of NH4+, Ca2+, and Na+ played important role in neutralizing the acidity of rainwater so that the pH tends to increase during period of 2002 to 2008, both in Pontianak and Palembang. The coefficient correlations of the increase of hotspot number followed by the increase of SPM concentration are 0,836 and 0,678, respectively.
Creator (Dublin Core)
Sheila Dewi Ayu Kusumaningtyas
Subject (Dublin Core)
deposisi asam
hujan asam
titik api
kebakaran hutan
acid deposition
acid rain
hotspot
forest fire
Meteorology. Climatology
QC851-999
Geophysics. Cosmic physics
QC801-809
Publisher (Dublin Core)
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
Date (Dublin Core)
2014-08-01T00:00:00Z
Type (Dublin Core)
article
Identifier (Dublin Core)
1411-3082
2527-5372
10.31172/jmg.v14i1.139
https://doaj.org/article/3719d9654c084b589c758752e6fd6648
Source (Dublin Core)
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika, Vol 14, Iss 1 (2014)
Language (Dublin Core)
EN
ID
Relation (Dublin Core)
http://puslitbang.bmkg.go.id/jmg/index.php/jmg/article/view/139
https://doaj.org/toc/1411-3082
https://doaj.org/toc/2527-5372
Provenance (Dublin Core)
Journal Licence: CC BY-NC